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linkmover.1
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1993-10-31
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linkmover(l) Geometry Project Programs linkmover(l)
NAME
linkmover - evolve a knot or link in three-dimensional
space.
SYNOPSIS
linkmover [ -p parameterfile ] [ -? ] [ linkfile ]
DESCRIPTION
Linkmover runs in conjuction with geomview to display the
evolution of a knot or link in three-dimensional Euclidean
space. The program when invoked without a filename argu-
ment comes up with a default choice of link, the borromean
rings. Other knots can be loaded as command line argu-
ments, in the link format (see 'man 5 link'). (The Next
version allows these files to be loaded from a browser.)
The evolution of the link is controlled by a set of slid-
ers each attached to one parameter of the dynamical sys-
tem. There are also a set of toggles which control the
display of the system and other options.
MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTION
The evolution of the link is governed by a dynamical sys-
tem consisting of repelling and straightening forces. The
link is represented as a set of discrete points and these
points act on each other to create a vector field on the
link. Each point is moved in the direction of this vector
field to give the next state of the system. By adjusting
these forces as the system evolves, the user can direct
the evolution in the manner he chooses. Parameters which
govern this dynamical system are available to the user via
labeled sliders.
COMMAND-LINE ARGUMENTS (SGI only)
-p Load named parameter file (previously saved using
the "Save" command noted below) to initialize
parameter values.
-? Print out usage message.
SLIDERS
R2 This is the coefficient of the inverse square
repulsive law which is the primary repulsive force.
The inverse square repulsion is computed between
each pair of points A and B, except under the con-
dition described in 'Cut' below, or if A and B are
close neighbors on a single component of the link.
A force proportional to R2 in the opposite direc-
tion from B is added to A's force vector, and vice-
versa. If A and B are sufficiently close, this
repulsion is actually computed to lie in the direc-
tion of the common perpendicular to the pair of
line segments adjoining A and B which are closest
to each other.
Date: 92/08/26 1
linkmover(l) Geometry Project Programs linkmover(l)
R3 There is an inverse cubic repulsion computed in
exceptional cases when two points come close
together. It does not always succeed in pushing
the two points apart.
Str Another set of forces at each point P arises from a
straightening tendency, which is modeled by simply
computing the weighted average of the points in
small neighborhood of P, and taking the difference
vector to the current location to P. This process
is unstable if the velocity slider (see 'Vel'
below) times Str is greater than 1. The link
begins to undergo a strong oscillation in this
case.
Cut This parameter determines a region of interest.
Points which lie beyond this distance to the given
point are assumed not to influence this point.
Setting this to a small number can speed up the
computation by skipping many of the repulsion cal-
culations.
Seg This controls the segment length of the curves. A
large value reduces the number of points used to
sample the curve, speeding up the calculation; a
small value has the opposite effect. (but see BUGS
below).
Vel This stands for velocity, and determines the time
step to use in the evolution. Making it larger
will speed up the computation at the expense of
possible overshoot or instability (see 'Str'
above).
Rad This is a display parameter which determines the
radius of tubes used to represent the curve (if
tubing is turned on), and also the scaling used to
draw the vector fields when they are displayed.
TOGGLES
The Next version allows toggle access on the main panel,
while the SGi version uses the menu or keyboard.
There are a set of 4 toggles to turn on and off display of
vector fields:
Showrepulsion
Show the repulsive vector field at each point. The
displayed color is yellow.
Showstraightening
Show the straightening vector field at each point.
The displayed color is blue.
Date: 92/08/26 2
linkmover(l) Geometry Project Programs linkmover(l)
Showall
Show the sum of the repulsive and straightening
vector fields, in white.
Showpush
When two points come within a small distance of
each other, (determined by the segment length),
this causes a red line segment to be drawn between
them, as a warning to the user that the curves are
threatening to cross each other. This is not tech-
nically a vector field but is included here since
it behaves much the same way.
The other toggles include:
Showspheres
Not currently implemented, but would show the
points of the curves as small spheres.
Showtubes
Put a tube around the link, whose radius is propor-
tional to the radius parameter.
Rigor Attempt to guarantee that the evolution preserves
the topological type of the link. This seems to
work, primarily by grinding the evolution to a
halt.
Stop Temporarily halt the evolution.
OTHER COMMANDS
Save On the SGI's, this menu item will save the current
state of the sliders and toggles into the file
slider.dat in the current directory. This file can
be later reloaded into linkmover using the '-p'
command line option.
RELATED PROGRAMS
LinkTool, a Geometry Center NextStep application, can be
used to draw link diagrams. Choosing the '3D' file format
on the save command will yield a .lnk file which can be
read into linkmover.
FILES
Example link files are to be found in the OOGL release in
${GEOM}/data/links. Source code is in
${GEOM}/src/bin/linkmover. where e.g., GEOM =
/u/gcg/ngrap.
SEE ALSO
link(5)
AUTHORS
Charlie Gunn, based on an original MacIntosh version by
Date: 92/08/26 3
linkmover(l) Geometry Project Programs linkmover(l)
Matt Grayson. Charlie Gunn | The Geometry Cen-
ter | gunn@geom.umn.edu
| 1300 S. 2nd St.
| Minneapolis, MN 55454
BUGS
The Next version and the SGI versions are slightly differ-
ent. The Next version allows loading of different links
while running. The command line arguments only apply to
the iris version. The names of the sliders in the SGI
version are labeled in full.
Add picking so that the user can pull on pieces of the
link to untangle them.
The link can change topological type without noticing.
The repulsive parameters are sensitive to the segment
length parameter, but the straightening parameter isn't.
That is, more points will tend to magnify the repulsive
tendency since each point contributes to this, while only
a fixed number contribute to the straightening force. The
fix is to normalize so that the 'weight' of all points
sums to 1.
The Next version runs only under NextStep 3.0.
The Next version has no way to save the current settings
of the sliders for re-use.
Date: 92/08/26 4